The number of SNAP beneficiaries decreases significantly as federal low-income food assistance programs see stricter eligibility rules. According to data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) participation fell by approximately 5.6 million in just one year, marking a 13% decline.
In May 2025, there were 42.2 million SNAP beneficiaries, which decreased to 36.6 million by May of this year. This drop was also evident on a month-to-month basis, with a decrease of about 449,000 participants (1.2%) from April’s figure of 37,011,096.
Stricter Eligibility Rules and Hurdles Cause Decline
A primary factor contributing to this sharp decline is the implementation of stricter work requirements and eligibility checks under the “One Big and Beautiful Act” (OBBBA), a federal tax and fiscal reform bill. These changes have created more obstacles for low-income individuals seeking assistance.
Additionally, complicated application processes, missed deadlines, and fears among legal immigrants regarding immigration enforcement have also discouraged individuals from applying for or renewing their SNAP benefits. This combination of tighter regulations and increased administrative burdens has significantly impacted the program’s reach.
Regional Impact: California’s CalFresh Program
In California, where SNAP is administered as CalFresh, the impact of these changes is being felt on a local level. In Los Angeles County, for instance, approximately 1.5 million residents are currently enrolled in the CalFresh program.
However, data from the Los Angeles County Department of Public Social Services (DPSS) estimates that more than 320,000 residents are eligible but are not receiving benefits. Furthermore, roughly 260,000 current beneficiaries in Los Angeles County are now subject to the expanded work requirement criteria.
This highlights the gap between those who need assistance and those who are able to access it under the new regulations. While millions still rely on these programs, the recent trends suggest a substantial shift in access to food assistance, leading to an overall decrease in the number of SNAP beneficiaries.
