USCIS citizenship background check rules have been officially updated to include direct inquiries with neighbors and co-workers to evaluate an applicant’s moral character, activities, and eligibility for naturalization. Following an initial proposal announced in August 2025, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) confirmed that these enhanced verification procedures have been formally integrated into its official policy manual.
Reinstating Neighborhood Inquiries Under Naturalization Manual
Rooted in the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, neighborhood investigations were largely phased out around 1991 as background checks shifted toward automated criminal records and digital security screenings. However, under the Trump administration, officials raised concerns that paper applications and one-time interviews are insufficient to verify a candidate’s true qualifications.
To address these gaps, immigration officers are now authorized to contact an applicant’s personal and professional network to confirm their background details.
Expanded Public Charge Evaluations for Immigrant Visas
Alongside the updated USCIS citizenship background check rules, the administration is intensifying public charge evaluations for immigrant visa applicants. Consular officers are now instructed to assess whether an applicant’s dependents—including children—have chronic illnesses, disabilities, or special care requirements that could lead to significant financial or caretaking burdens.
The expanded review factors in conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and cancer to prevent applicants who might rely heavily on government assistance from obtaining permanent status.
Training Period for Consular Officials
According to a recent report by the Cato Institute, the brief temporary suspension of immigrant visa interviews was implemented specifically to train consular officers on these rigorous evaluation standards.
By Eunyoung Lee
